Древняя Спарта и ее герои

Sparta zanimala osoboe polozhenie sredi grecheskikh polisov. Zdesʹ vpervye v istorii byl pretvoren v zhiznʹ print͡sip absoli͡utnogo ravnopravii͡a vsekh polnot͡sennykh grazhdan. Pobochnym rezulʹtatom ėtogo stalo presechenie li͡ubykh popytok vydelitʹsi͡a iz obshcheĭ massy. Dazhe rukovoditeli Sparty, geronty i ėfory, za redkim iskli͡ucheniem nam ne izvestny, a te nemnogie t͡sari, chʹi imena doshli do nas, kak pravilo, konchili tragicheski. K samoubiĭstvu byl prinuzhden t͡sarʹ Kleomen, bez suda kaznili regenta Pavsanii͡a i t͡sari͡a Agisa, prigovorili k pozhiznennomu izgnanii͡u t͡sareĭ Plistoanakta i Pavsanii͡a, lishili trona Demarata i Leotikhida, poslali s nebolʹshimi otri͡adami na vernui͡u gibelʹ t͡sari͡a Leonida i polkovodt͡sa Lisandra. O tom, kak uravnitelʹnye idei delali vydai͡ushchikhsi͡a liderov strany personami non-grata i v kont͡se kont͡sov priveli spartiatov k vyrozhdenii͡u, rasskazyvaet kniga Larisy Pechatnovoĭ.Larisa Pechatnova - doktor istoricheskikh nauk, professor kafedry istorii Drevneĭ Gret͡sii i Rima Sankt-Peterburgskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta.

Sparta occupied a special position among the Greek polis. Here, for the first time in history, the principle of absolute equality of all full-fledged citizens was implemented. A side result of this was the suppression of any attempts to stand out from the general mass. Even the leaders of Sparta, Gerontes and Ephors, with rare exceptions, are not known to us, and those few kings whose names have come down to us, as a rule, ended tragically. King Cleomenes was forced to commit suicide, regent Pausanias and King Agis were executed without trial, kings Plistoanact and Pausanias were sentenced to life exile, Demaratus and Leotichides were deprived of the throne, and King Leonid and commander Lysander were sent with small detachments to certain death. Larisa Pechatnova's book tells about how equalizing ideas made outstanding leaders of the country persona non grata and eventually led the spartists to degeneration.Larisa Pechatnova - Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Department of the History of Ancient Greece and Rome of St. Petersburg State University.