Антипова Г. А. Маяковский: я еду удивлять! Марш поэта по стране и миру/ Дизайн Н. Киуновой

"Mne neobkhodimo ezditʹ", - pisal Vladimir Mai͡akovskiĭ v knige ocherkov "Moe otkrytie Ameriki". Prichin li͡ubvi k puteshestvii͡am u nego bylo mnogo. Ta zhe t͡sitata prodolzhaetsi͡a: "Obshchenie s zhivymi veshchami pochti zameni͡aet mne chtenie knig". Krome obshchenii͡a s veshchami, puteshestvii͡a davali vozmozhnostʹ i li͡udeĭ posmotretʹ, i sebi͡a pokazatʹ. Ne tolʹko sebi͡a lichno, no i svoikh tovarishcheĭ, edinomyshlennikov, svoi͡u stranu - vse ėto dli͡a Mai͡akovskogo bylo ochenʹ vazhno. Vpechatlenii͡a ot poezdok otkladyvalisʹ v stikhakh i drugikh proizvedenii͡akh. Byl, konechno, i materialʹnyĭ interes. Skazhem, vprochem, srazu: slukhi ob ogromnykh gonorarakh poėta za poezdki po strane silʹno preuvelicheny, a za granit͡seĭ on ne raz ostavalsi͡a bez grosha i, vo vsi͡akom sluchae, bolʹshe tratil, chem zarabatyval. Mozhno pridumatʹ i drugie prichiny, no v konechnom schete vse svoditsi͡a k odnomu: on byl iz tekh li͡udeĭ, komu ėto prosto nravitsi͡a.1922-1929 gody proshli v neprestannykh razʺezdakh. Poėt posetil 54 goroda SSSR i semʹ zarubezhnykh stran. 1925 god on pochti vesʹ prozhil za granit͡seĭ, zatem chetyre goda podri͡ad provodil vne Moskvy okolo poloviny vremeni, i lishʹ poslednie polgoda zhizni snova proshli bez puteshestviĭ (tolʹko neskolʹko korotkikh poezdok v Leningrad). Redko ėto byl otdykh. Organizator poezdok Mai͡akovskogo po Soi͡uzu Pavel Lavut naschital za gody sotrudnichestva s nim dvesti s lishnim vystupleniĭ, a ikh sotrudnichestvo nachalosʹ ne srazu: oni poznakomilisʹ v Odesse posle vechera, na kotoryĭ prishlo malo publiki. Za granit͡seĭ Mai͡akovskiĭ tozhe vystupal nemalo, khoti͡a i ne s toĭ sumasshedsheĭ intensivnostʹi͡u. Dve ego poezdki - v 1925 godu v Ameriku i v 1927 godu po Evrope - nosili kharakter turne.Poezdki organicheski vkhodili v tkanʹ zhizni poėta. V nikh zavi͡azyvalisʹ, prodolzhalisʹ i razvi͡azyvalisʹ si͡uzhety ego biografii, proiskhodili vazhneĭshie sobytii͡a. Mnogoe iz sluchivshegosi͡a v poezdkakh nelʹzi͡a vpolne poni͡atʹ, esli ne rasskazatʹ o tom, chto bylo ranʹshe ili pozzhe, o sudʹbakh li͡udeĭ, s kotorym vstrechalsi͡a poėt. Inogda oni kommentirui͡utsi͡a proizvedenii͡ami Mai͡akovskogo, chasto, naoborot, sobytii͡a pomogai͡ut zanovo vzgli͡anutʹ na teksty. Kazhdoe puteshestvie imelo svoi͡u osobui͡u atmosferu, svi͡azannui͡u s zhiznʹi͡u togo ili inogo goroda, ego istorieĭ. Ėta kniga - geografii͡a poezdok poėta: v neĭ opisyvai͡utsi͡a ne tolʹko marshruty Mai͡akovskogo, no i goroda, v kotorykh on byval. V knige predstavleny okolo tridt͡sati gorodov, gde poėt ili byl neodnokratno, ili oni sygrali znachitelʹnui͡u rolʹ v ego biografii i tvorchestve. Nekotorye iz nikh opisany podrobno, drugie tolʹko upominai͡utsi͡a. Goroda sgruppirovany po regionam i stranam; sootvetstvui͡ushchie glavy raspolozheny v pori͡adke pervogo poseshchenii͡a ėtogo regiona Mai͡akovskim. Za predelami knigi ostalisʹ dva goroda, v kotorykh poėt zhil postoi͡anno: Moskva i Sankt-Peterburg. Oni trebui͡ut otdelʹnogo, gorazdo bolee obstoi͡atelʹnogo rasskaza.K upominaemym adresam gostinit͡s, teatrov, kafe, salonov i izdatelʹstv ukazany sovremennye nazvanii͡a i orientiry, tak chto pri zhelanii vy smozhete sovershitʹ ne tolʹko virtualʹnoe puteshestvie.Na dopolnitelʹnye materialy i karty gorodov vedut QR-kody, tekst soprovozhdaet mnozhestvo illi͡ustrat͡siĭ - fotografii, portrety geroev, trogatelʹnye, a chashche obeskurazhivai͡ushchie zapiski publiki, otkrytki, afishi - vse ėto vossozdaet burnui͡u tvorcheskui͡u atmosferu nachala KhKh veka.

"I need to travel," Vladimir Mayakovsky wrote in the book of essays "My Discovery of America." He had many reasons for his love of traveling. The same quote continues: "Communicating with living things almost replaces reading books for me." In addition to communicating with things, traveling gave the opportunity to see people and show themselves. Not only himself personally, but also his comrades, like-minded people, his country — all this was very important for Mayakovsky. Impressions from trips were postponed in poems and other works. There was, of course, a material interest. Let's say, however, right away: rumors about the poet's huge fees for trips around the country are greatly exaggerated, and abroad he was left penniless more than once and, in any case, spent more than he earned. You can think of other reasons, but in the end it all comes down to one thing: he was one of those people who just like it.The years 1922-1929 were spent in incessant traveling. The poet visited 54 cities of the USSR and seven foreign countries. In 1925, he spent almost the entire year abroad, then spent about half of his time outside Moscow for four years in a row, and only the last six months of his life passed without traveling again (only a few short trips to Leningrad). It was rarely a rest. Pavel Lavut, the organizer of Mayakovsky's trips to the Union, counted more than two hundred performances over the years of cooperation with him, and their cooperation did not begin immediately: they met in Odessa after an evening to which few people came. Mayakovsky also performed a lot abroad, although not with the same crazy intensity. Two of his trips — in 1925 to America and in 1927 to Europe - were in the nature of a tour.Trips were organically part of the fabric of the poet's life. The plots of his biography were tied, continued and untied in them, the most important events took place. Much of what happened on trips cannot be fully understood if you do not tell about what happened earlier or later, about the fate of the people with whom the poet met. Sometimes they are commented on by the works of Mayakovsky, often, on the contrary, events help to take a fresh look at the texts. Each trip had its own special atmosphere associated with the life of a particular city, its history. This book is the geography of the poet's trips: it describes not only the routes of Mayakovsky, but also the cities in which he visited. The book presents about thirty cities where the poet has either been repeatedly, or they have played a significant role in his biography and work. Some of them are described in detail, others are only mentioned. The cities are grouped by region and country; the corresponding chapters are arranged in the order of Mayakovsky's first visit to this region. Outside of the book there were two cities in which the poet lived permanently: Moscow and St. Petersburg. They require a separate, much more detailed story.The mentioned addresses of hotels, theaters, cafes, salons and publishing houses have modern names and landmarks, so if you wish, you can make not only a virtual trip.QR codes lead to additional materials and maps of cities, the text is accompanied by many illustrations - photographs, portraits of heroes, touching, and more often discouraging public notes, postcards, posters - all this recreates the stormy creative atmosphere of the early twentieth century.