Эксперимент. Самые жестокие исследования в психологии

G. I͡U. Aĭzenk - britanskiĭ uchenyĭ-psikholog, odin iz liderov biologicheskogo napravlenii͡a v psikhologii, sozdatelʹ faktornoĭ teorii lichnosti, avtor populi͡arnogo testa intellekta. K. Bartol - professor psikhologii, bikheviorist, profaĭler, avtor samogo populi͡arnogo v mire uchebnika po kriminalʹnoĭ psikhologii Kak li͡udi na polnom serʹeze stali podderzhivatʹ idei͡u genot͡sida evreev v seredine KhKh veka? Ėto byli sovsem drugie li͡udi? My vedʹ ne takie, pravda? My tochno luchshe. Tak obychno dumai͡ut li͡udi, izuchai͡a istorii͡u Vtoroĭ mirovoĭ voĭny, no znamenitye ėksperimenty 1960-1980-kh godov govori͡at obratnoe. Studentov razdeli͡ai͡ut na dve gruppy, okhrannikov i zakli͡uchennykh, i predlagai͡ut poigratʹ v ti͡urʹmu. Cherez neskolʹko dneĭ ėksperiment prikhoditsi͡a zavershitʹ dosrochno iz-za sluchaev neopravdannoĭ zhestokosti. Dobreĭshim religioznym domokhozi͡aĭkam predlagai͡ut bitʹ cheloveka tokom za oshibochnye otvety, i pochti 100% ispytuemykh dovodi͡at razri͡ady toka do smertelʹnykh znacheniĭ. Svi͡ashchennikam predlagai͡ut prochitatʹ lekt͡sii͡u o tom, kak vazhno tvoritʹ dobro i pomogatʹ li͡udi͡am, no vidi͡a po doroge v auditorii͡u umirai͡ushchego cheloveka, pochti 100% lektorov bezrazlichno prokhodi͡at mimo nuzhdai͡ushchegosi͡a v pomoshchi. Mir polon dvulichnykh i lzhivykh li͡udeĭ? Kazhdyĭ chelovek v dushe prestupnik? Ili zhe kazhdogo mozhno prosto vynuditʹ, sprovot͡sirovatʹ na nuzhnoe, poroĭ prestupnoe povedenie? Chto lezhit v osnove psikhologii prestupnika i li͡uboĭ li chelovek sposoben na ubiĭstvo? Na ėtot vopros otvechai͡ut vedushchie psikhologi-bikhevioristy KhKh veka.

G. Y. Eysenck is a British psychologist, one of the leaders of the biological field in psychology, the creator of the factor theory of personality, the author of the popular intelligence test. K. Bartol is a professor of psychology, behaviorist, profiler, author of the world's most popular textbook on criminal psychology How people seriously began to support the idea of the genocide of Jews in the middle of the twentieth century? Were they completely different people? We're not like that, are we? We are definitely better. This is what people usually think when studying the history of the Second World War, but the famous experiments of the 1960s and 1980s say the opposite. Students are divided into two groups, guards and prisoners, and offered to play prison. After a few days, the experiment has to be completed ahead of schedule due to cases of unjustified cruelty. The kindest religious housewives are offered to electrocute a person for erroneous answers, and almost 100% of the subjects bring the current discharges to deadly values. Priests are invited to give a lecture on how important it is to do good and help people, but seeing a dying person on the way to the audience, almost 100% of the lecturers indifferently pass by the person in need of help. Is the world full of duplicitous and deceitful people? Is everyone a criminal at heart? Or can everyone just be forced, provoked into necessary, sometimes criminal behavior? What is the basis of the psychology of a criminal and is anyone capable of murder? This question is answered by the leading behavioral psychologists of the twentieth century.