НАЦИОНАЛЬНАЯ ПРОГРАММА В. И. ЛЕНИНА. От мельницы к фабрике наций

V. I. Lenin s polnym osnovaniem schitaetsi͡a sozdatelem Sovetskogo gosudarstva, zalozhivshim osnovy ego politicheskogo i ėkonomicheskogo ustroĭstva. Idei Lenina o vazhnosti realizat͡sii print͡sipa nat͡sionalʹnogo samoopredelenii͡a poluchili prakticheskui͡u realizat͡sii͡u - Sovetskiĭ Soi͡uz byl vystroen kak obʺedinenie soi͡uznykh i avtonomnykh respublik, osnovoĭ vydelenii͡a kotorykh stal nat͡sionalʹno-territorialʹnyĭ print͡sip.Vzgli͡ad Lenina na rolʹ nat͡sionalizma i nat͡sionalʹnykh dvizheniĭ meni͡alsi͡a na proti͡azhenii vseĭ ego politicheskoĭ biografii. Osnovnai͡a idei͡a knigi M. Lebskogo zakli͡uchaetsi͡a v tom, chto revoli͡ut͡sionnai͡a volna 1917 goda i Grazhdanskai͡a voĭna v korne izmenili pozit͡sii Lenina po nat͡sionalʹnomu voprosu. Esli v dookti͡abrʹskiĭ period lider bolʹshevikov rassmatrival kapitalizm kak svoeobraznui͡u melʹnit͡su, peremalyvai͡ushchui͡u granit͡sy mezhdu narodami, to Grazhdanskai͡a voĭna obnaruzhila silu i moshchʹ nat͡sionalʹnykh dvizheniĭ, s kotorymi nelʹzi͡a bylo ne schitatʹsi͡a.V rezulʹtate dannykh prot͡sessov Sovetskiĭ Soi͡uz stal ne melʹnit͡seĭ, a fabrikoĭ nat͡siĭ, konstruirui͡a na svoeĭ territorii novye politicheskie i nat͡sionalʹnye obshchnosti.

V. I. Lenin is rightfully considered the creator of the Soviet state, who laid the foundations of its political and economic structure. Lenin's ideas about the importance of implementing the principle of national self—determination were put into practice - the Soviet Union was built as an association of union and autonomous republics, the basis of which was the national-territorial principle.Lenin's view of the role of nationalism and national movements changed throughout his political biography. The main idea of M. Lebsky's book is that the revolutionary wave of 1917 and the Civil War radically changed Lenin's position on the national question. If, in the pre-October period, the Bolshevik leader viewed capitalism as a kind of mill grinding borders between nations, then the Civil War revealed the strength and power of national movements that could not be ignored.As a result of these processes, the Soviet Union became not a mill, but a factory of nations, constructing new political and national communities on its territory.