The novel is set in Sicily in the 90s of the XIX century, in the period immediately after Risorgimento (unification of Italy), in the era of economic troubles, corruption scandals, social uprisings and peasant uprisings. Pirandello himself called it"a bitter, densely populated novel that depicts the drama of my generation." The work is permeated with a feeling of suffocation, which oppresses both old and young. The former are considered the real culprits of scandals that led to disillusionment with ideals, and the latter are forced to live in a society in which they cannot find a place. Risorgimento, understood as the renewal of the nation, did not bring the expected results, and national unity did not free the backward regions of the country from the sores. This drama manifests itself in the novel, page by page, through a mosaic of faces and events. The focus is on the family, where the father, a representative of the older generation, tries to maintain power and traditions, and his children, in particular the son, who is a reflection of the new generation, are looking for a way out of the system that does not allow them to develop. These intergenerational conflicts, full of psychological tension, become the main plot line. The Book "old and Young" is a socio-psychological drama, the plot of which unfolds against the backdrop of Italy at the end of the nineteenth century. Writer Luigi Pirandello creates a wide panorama of Sicilian life, immersing himself in the history of the Laurentano family. There is a wall of contradictions and despondency between family members, and in their vision of the future there is a gap between ideals and reality. The characters are lost in themselves, and now the father of the family seeks solace in nostalgia and traditional order, and his sons are trying to learn true freedom, getting rid of the restrictions of the bureaucratic system. The contrasting aspirations of the central characters of the drama reflect the problems of the Risorgimento period, when Italians fought for the political unification of their country. However, attempts to renew the nation did not extinguish the flames of strife, bribery and abuse of power.based on the novel, a film adaptation was created: the TV series I vecchi e i giovani released in 1979. The historical prose about the demoralization of generations in the book "Old and young" by Luigi Pirandello highlights the socio‑political upheavals of The Turbulent Times of Risorgimento and shows their impact on the people of that time. The clash with the bureaucratic repressive system distorted the country's values and aspirations, provoking a generational conflict, which the author reveals through the figures of the Laurentano family. Family members gradually lose faith in the ideals of the nation, but continue to look for opportunities to become happy. Guided by selfishness, they enjoy the illusions of a new reality, where some see the meaning of life in observing traditions, and others — in ignoring orders. The difference in worldviews destroys the family, demoralizes its members and makes them doubt their choices. There seemed to be no room for lightness in a story with such a grim premise. However, Luigi Pirandello finds it in detailed sketches of Sicily and reveals its philosophy. This is how the writer creates a novel that is deep in its meanings, which fascinates with its expressive poetics and heartfelt description. The book takes place approximately in 1892 in Sicily, but also covers the previous 30-40 years, including several characters who fought Garibaldi in the 1860s. After all, this is Pirandello, so the text is much more than just a story about Sicilian independence and its aftermath. It is imbued with a love of ancient Sicilian history, Sicilian nature, Sicilian philosophy and a selection of authentic Sicilian characters from all walks of life" — from Adam Cherson's review of Goodreads the sweetness of dreams and the bitterness of shattered hopes although the author outlines the challenges of the Risorgimento period, touching on the themes of corruption, political scandals and economic shifts, but his novel is dedicated not to the history of Italy, but to its people. This is a book about people, dreams, aspirations and destroyed hopes of the nation. This is how a multi-voiced narrative appears, where the timbres of aristocrats and ordinary people, conservatives and representatives of the new bourgeoisie merge. The plot mentions Fasci and garibaldists, whose images add conceptual volume to the work.