Как в СССР принимали высоких гостей

Diplomatii͡a v t͡selom i diplomaticheskie vizity v chastnosti - vazhneĭshiĭ instrument formirovanii͡a vneshneĭ politiki, postroenii͡a mezhdunarodnykh otnosheniĭ. Ot kachestva priema i sobli͡udenii͡a ili nesobli͡udenii͡a protokola zavisit mnogoe: udastsi͡a li zavoevatʹ raspolozhenie zhelaemykh soi͡uznikov, nastroitʹ ikh na vygodnye dli͡a strany uslovii͡a i dazhe pokrasovatʹsi͡a pered protivnikami. Rossii͡a izdrevle slavitsi͡a svoeĭ shchedrostʹi͡u i imeet bogatui͡u tradit͡sii͡u diplomaticheskikh vstrech i priemov zarubezhnykh gosteĭ na samom vysokom urovne. Ėto nasledie, proĭdi͡a skvozʹ veka, ne moglo ne otrazitʹsi͡a i na obychai͡akh sovetskikh vremen. Tem ne menee nedostatochnai͡a izuchennostʹ sovetskogo diplomaticheskogo protokola do sikh por mogla iskazhatʹ znanii͡a o ne tak davno minuvsheĭ ėpokhe. I zdesʹ rabota O.I͡U. Zakharovoĭ priotkryvaet zanaves: obnaroduet arkhivnye dokumenty i fotografii, dolgoe vremi͡a byvshie nedostupnymi shirokoĭ publike. Posledovatelʹno i uvlekatelʹno avtor proslezhivaet ėvoli͡ut͡sii͡u sovetskogo diplomaticheskogo protokola s nachala 20­kh do serediny 80­kh gg. V knige perelistyvai͡utsi͡a stranit͡sy dnevnikov, pisem i vospominaniĭ glav gosudarstv i pravitelʹstv, partiĭnykh i obshchestvennykh dei͡ateleĭ, sovetskikh i zarubezhnykh diplomatov. Snova razdai͡utsi͡a izvestnye imena li͡udeĭ, posetivshikh Sovetskui͡u Rossii͡u i SSSR s ofit͡sialʹnym vizitom: Amanully­khana, I. fon Ribbentropa, U. Cherchilli͡a, Sh. de Golli͡a, I.B. Tito, Mao T͡Szėduna, I. Gandi, G.A. Nasera, R. Niksona, F. Kastro Rus i mnogikh drugikh. Perechni podarkov chlenam delegat͡siĭ i otvetnykh darov smeni͡ai͡utsi͡a meni͡u ofit͡sialʹnykh priemov v Kremle i v osobni͡ake MID SSSR. Programmy prebyvanii͡a v Moskve, stolit͡sakh i gorodakh soi͡uznykh respublik, skhemy vstrech i provodov… Ozhivaet istorii͡a, vozvrashchaetsi͡a, pustʹ i na korotkie mgnovenii͡a, atmosfera ėpokhi. Diplomaticheskiĭ protokol meni͡aetsi͡a, no vsegda ostaetsi͡a chastʹi͡u gosudarstvennoĭ t͡seremonialʹnoĭ kulʹtury, podderzhivai͡a imidzh i prestizh vlasti.

Diplomacy in General and diplomatic visits in particular is an important instrument of foreign policy formation, the construction of international relations. The quality of reception and compliance or non-compliance depends on many things: will it be possible to gain the desired allies, to set them on beneficial conditions and even show off in front of opponents. Russia is famous for its generosity and has a rich tradition of diplomatic meetings and receptions of foreign guests on the highest level. This heritage, passing through the centuries, could not affect the customs of the Soviet times. However, insufficient knowledge of Soviet diplomatic Protocol still can distort knowledge about the not-so bygone era. And here the work of O. Yu. Zakharova lifts the curtain: publishes archival documents and photographs for a long time previously unavailable to the General public. Consistent and exciting, the author traces the evolution of Soviet diplomatic Protocol since the early 20s to mid 80s In the book, turn the pages of diaries, letters and memoirs of heads of state and government, party and public figures of the Soviet and foreign diplomats. Heard again the names of the people who visited Soviet Russia and the Soviet Union on an official visit: Amanullah, I. von Ribbentrop Pact, Winston Churchill, Charles de Gaulle, Tito, Mao Zedong, Indira Gandhi, Gamal Abdel Nasser, Nixon, Fidel Castro, and many others. Lists of gifts to members of delegations and the return of the gifts are replaced by menu official receptions in the Kremlin and in the mansion of the foreign Ministry. Program stay in Moscow, the capitals and cities of the Union republics, schemes of meetings... bring history Alive, is back, albeit for a short moment, the atmosphere of the era. Diplomatic Protocol changes, but always remains a part of public ceremonial culture, maintaining the image and prestige of power.