Исповедь. Прогулки одинокого мечтателя (с илл.)

Zhan-Zhak Russo (1712-1778) - vydai͡ushchiĭsi͡a myslitelʹ i pisatelʹ ėpokhi Prosveshchenii͡a. V "Ispovedi", porazitelʹnoĭ po otkrovennosti (po kraĭneĭ mere, dli͡a XVIII veka), Russo podrobno opisyvaet pi͡atʹdesi͡at tri goda svoeĭ zhizni. Ėto popytka obnazhitʹ istinnye motivy deĭstviĭ cheloveka i - pochti vsegda - naĭti dli͡a nikh opravdanii͡a. Russo ne utaivaet togo, chto voroval, otdal sobstvennykh deteĭ v vospitatelʹnyĭ dom, zhil za schet bogatykh dam, delitsi͡a samymi intimnymi chuvstvami. On pishet, kak uvlekalsi͡a li͡udʹmi i kak rval s nimi, opisyvaet vse svoi obidy i gorʹkie zabluzhdenii͡a. Deĭstvui͡ushchimi lit͡sami v ego povestvovanii i͡avli͡ai͡utsi͡a Didro, Volʹter, baron fon Grimm, mnozhestvo blagosklonnykh k nemu zhenshchin. Na sud shirokoĭ publiki ėto sochinenie bylo vyneseno lishʹ spusti͡a chetyre goda posle smerti avtora, v 1782 godu. Togda zhe uvideli svet "Progulki odinokogo mechtateli͡a" (1776-1778), kotorye prodolzhai͡ut avtobiograficheskui͡u temu v forme filosofskikh ėsse i podvodi͡at chertu pod vseĭ zhiznʹi͡u i tvorchestvom Zhan-Zhaka Russo. Ėti sochinenii͡a pozvoli͡ai͡ut sostavitʹ vpechatlenie o lichnosti Russo - vesʹma protivorechivoĭ i tem ne menee okazavsheĭ ogromnoe vlii͡anie na vek Prosveshchenii͡a.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778) was an outstanding thinker and writer of the Enlightenment era. In The Confessions, which is striking in its frankness (at least for the XVIII century), Rousseau describes in detail the fifty-three years of his life. This is an attempt to expose the true motives of a person's actions and — almost always — to find excuses for them. Rousseau does not conceal the fact that he stole, gave his own children to an orphanage, lived at the expense of rich ladies, shares the most intimate feelings. He writes about how he got carried away with people and how he broke up with them, describes all his grievances and bitter misconceptions. The actors in his narrative are Diderot, Voltaire, Baron von Grimm, and many women who are supportive of him. This work was submitted to the general public only four years after the author's death, in 1782. At the same time, the "Walks of a Lonely Dreamer" (1776-1778) were published, which continue the autobiographical theme in the form of philosophical essays and draw a line under the whole life and work of Jean-Jacques Rousseau. These writings allow us to form an impression of Rousseau's personality — very controversial and nevertheless had a huge impact on the age of Enlightenment.