Вызовы и ответы. Как гибнут цивилизации

Arnolʹd Toĭnbi (1889-1975) - angliĭskiĭ filosof, kulʹturolog i sot͡siolog. On sozdal teorii͡u 'vyzova i otveta' (challenge and response) - zakonomernostʹ, kotorai͡a, po ego mnenii͡u, opredeli͡aet razvitie t͡sivilizat͡sii. Sėmi͡uėl Khantington (1927-2008) - amerikanskiĭ filosof, sot͡siolog i politolog. On utverzhdal, chto kazhdai͡a t͡sivilizat͡sii͡a vidit sebi͡a t͡sentrom mira i predstavli͡aet istorii͡u chelovechestva sootvetstvenno ėtomu ponimanii͡u. Mezhdu t͡sivilizat͡sii͡ami postoi͡anno idet protivostoi͡anie i neredko voznikai͡ut konflikty. Iskhod takoĭ borʹby zavisit ot togo, naskolʹko dannai͡a t͡sivilizat͡sii͡a 'sootvetstvuet' slozhivshemusi͡a miropori͡adku.V dannoĭ knige sobrany naibolee znachitelʹnye proizvedenii͡a A. Toĭnbi i S. Khantingtona, pozvoli͡ai͡ushchie poni͡atʹ sushchnostʹ ikh filosofii, skhodstvo i raskhozhdenii͡a vo vzgli͡adakh. Osoboe vnimanie udeli͡aetsi͡a russkoĭ t͡sivilizat͡sii, ee otlichii͡am ot zapadnoĭ, tochkam soprikosnovenii͡a i konfliktam russkogo i zapadnogo mira.

Arnold Toynbee (1889-1975) was an English philosopher, cultural critic and sociologist. He created the theory of 'challenge and response' (challenge and response) - a pattern that, in his opinion, determines the development of civilization. Samuel Huntington (1927-2008) was an American philosopher, sociologist, and political scientist. He argued that every civilization sees itself as the center of the world and represents the history of humanity according to this understanding. There is a constant confrontation between civilizations and conflicts often arise. The outcome of such a struggle depends on how much this civilization 'corresponds' to the existing world order.This book contains the most significant works of A. Toynbee and S. Huntington, allowing you to understand the essence of their philosophy, similarities and differences in views. Russian Russian civilization, its differences from the Western one, points of contact and conflicts between the Russian and Western world are given special attention.