Взлёты и падения : Великие империи, сформировавшие мир

Chto obespechivaet uspeh civilizacii, chto pozvoliaet ei sushestvovat tiesiachi let i chto v konechnom itoge privodit k ee krahu?V etoi knige vie naidete istoriu deviati velikih civilizacii: ot osnovaniia do upadka. Vozmojno, nekotoriee iz nih vam znakomie. Drugie je hotia i menee izvestnie, no takje interesnie i znachimie. Vie vstretites s otvajniemi vikingami iz Severnoi Evropie, mogushestvenniemi actekami Mezoameriki, zagadochniemi minoicami s ostrova Krit, grozniemi persami s Blijnego Vostoka, koloritniemi jiteliami gosudarstva Autiia, sushestvovavshego na territorii sovremennogo Tailanda, suroviemi voinami iaponskogo segunata Kamakura i vnushitelniemi mongolami iz evraziiskih stepei, a takje uznaete o vliiatelnieh drevnih gosudarstvah Severnoi Afriki — Beninskom carstve i imperii Mali. Praviteli bolshinstva imperii podderjivali religioznoe i etnicheskoe raznoobrazie, chtobie razniee soobshestva sosushestvovali mirno. Kulturniei obmen sposobstvoval procvetaniu, stabilnosti i razvitiu torgovli. V upadok imperii prihodili obiechno iz-za mejdousobic i neblagorazumno nachatieh voin, chto privodilo k finansoviem krizisam i potere doveriia. Piter Allen sozdal detalniee i polniee umora illustracii, kotoriee otpravliaut chitatelei v uvlekatelnoe puteshestvie vo vremeni. Minoiskii stil — jivoi i ekspressivniei, v nem mnogo dvijeniia. Kak i u drevnih egiptian, ludei bielo priniato izobrajat v profil. Minoiskie jivopiscie slavilis i v drugih stranah. Ih priglashali pisat freski v Egipet i Turciu.

What ensures the success of a civilization, what allows it to exist for thousands of years, and what ultimately leads to its collapse?In this book you will find the history of nine great civilizations: from the foundation to the decline. Perhaps some of them are familiar to you. Others, though less well-known, are also interesting and significant. You will meet the brave Vikings from Northern Europe, the powerful Aztecs of Mesoamerica, the mysterious Minoans from the island of Crete, the formidable Persians from the Middle East, the colorful inhabitants of the state of Ayutthaya, which existed on the territory of modern Thailand, the harsh warriors of the Japanese Kamakura shogunate and the imposing Mongols from the Eurasian steppes, and also learn about the influential ancient states of North Africa — the Kingdom of Benin and the Empire of Mali. The rulers of most empires supported religious and ethnic diversity so that different communities could coexist peacefully. Cultural exchange has contributed to prosperity, stability and the development of trade. Empires usually declined due to internecine strife and unwise wars, which led to financial crises and loss of trust. Peter Allen has created detailed and humorous illustrations that take readers on a fascinating journey through time. The Minoan style is lively and expressive, with a lot of movement. As with the ancient Egyptians, it was customary to portray people in profile. Minoan painters were also famous in other countries. They were invited to paint frescoes in Egypt and Turkey.