Свидетели войны. Жизнь детей при нацистах

Kniga Nikolasa Stargardta, oksfordskogo professora, odnogo iz samykh avtoritetnykh istorikov nat͡sizma, i͡avli͡aetsi͡a unikalʹnym issledovaniem, gde vpervye predstavlena sot͡sialʹnai͡a istorii͡a nat͡sistskoĭ Germanii glazami deteĭ. Serʹeznyĭ istoricheskiĭ trud osnovan na originalʹnykh dokumentakh - dnevnikakh podrostkov, shkolʹnykh zadanii͡akh, detskikh risunkakh iz evreĭskogo getto Terezienshtadt i nemet͡skoĭ derevni v Shvart͡svalʹde, pisʹmakh iz ėvakuat͡sionnykh lagereĭ, ispravitelʹnykh uchrezhdeniĭ, psikhiatricheskikh prii͡utov, pisʹmakh ott͡sam na front i dazhe vospominanii͡akh o detskikh igrakh. Sredi personazheĭ knigi - cheshsko-evreĭskiĭ malʹchik iz Terezienshtadta i Osvent͡sima, nemet͡skiĭ podrostok iz Vostochnoĭ Prussii, dve evreĭskie devochki iz Varshavskogo getto, nemet͡skai͡a shkolʹnit͡sa iz sot͡sialisticheskoĭ semʹi v Berline, dva podrostka iz gitleri͡ugenda, evreĭskiĭ malʹchik iz Lodzi.Professor Stargardt utverzhdaet, chto vospominanii͡a o nat͡sistskoĭ Germanii razdelili deteĭ na dve gruppy: na tekh, kto vosprinimal zhiznʹ v neĭ kak normalʹnui͡u, i tekh, u kogo ona vyzyvala uzhas. Imenno poėtomu tochnye sobytii͡a, kotorye oni zapomnili, imei͡ut ogromnoe znachenie. Avtor razrushaet stereotipy o zhertvennosti i travmakh, chtoby rasskazatʹ nam zakhvatyvai͡ushchie lichnostnye istorii, istorii pokolenii͡a, sozdannogo Gitlerom.

The book by Nicholas Stargardt, an Oxford professor, one of the most authoritative historians of Nazism, is a unique study that for the first time presents the social history of Nazi Germany through the eyes of children. A serious historical work is based on original documents — diaries of teenagers, school assignments, children's drawings from the Jewish ghetto of Theresienstadt and the German village in the Black Forest, letters from evacuation camps, correctional institutions, psychiatric shelters, letters to fathers at the front and even memories of children's games. Among the characters in the book are a Czech—Jewish boy from Theresienstadt and Auschwitz, a German teenager from East Prussia, two Jewish girls from the Warsaw ghetto, a German schoolgirl from a socialist family in Berlin, two teenagers from the Hitler Youth, a Jewish boy from Lodz.Professor Stargardt argues that memories of Nazi Germany divided children into two groups: those who perceived life in it as normal, and those who were horrified by it. That is why the exact events they remembered are of great importance. The author breaks down stereotypes about sacrifice and trauma in order to tell us fascinating personal stories, the stories of the generation created by Hitler.