Блеск и нищета российской кооперации. Как народ приучали к современности, 1860–1930

Chem v deĭstvitelʹnosti otlichalisʹ mezhdu soboĭ kreditnye selʹskokhozi͡aĭstvennye tovarishchestva, obshchestva potrebiteleĭ i promyslovye arteli kak formy odnogo i togo zhe ėkonomicheskogo i͡avlenii͡a - kooperativa, voznikshego v Rossii na volne Velikikh reform? Pochemu pravitelʹstva i v dorevoli͡ut͡sionnoĭ, i v sovetskoĭ Rossii podderzhivali takoe raznoobrazie kooperativnykh predprii͡atiĭ? Chem privlekali kooperativy predstaviteleĭ diametralʹno protivopolozhnykh politicheskikh techeniĭ? Anna Safronova vpervye proslezhivaet istorii͡u rossiĭskoĭ kooperat͡sii i kooperativnogo dvizhenii͡a v ee t͡selʹnosti, ot ikh istokov do ėpokhi stalinskogo "Velikogo pereloma", i pokazyvaet, kak razlichnye formy kooperat͡sii prisposablivalisʹ k podchas nesovmestimym mezhdu soboĭ ėkonomicheskim uslovii͡am i modeli͡am. Po mnenii͡u A. Safronovoĭ, kooperativnyĭ diskurs byl mnogofunkt͡sionalʹnym i v t͡selom uspeshno sledoval politicheskim zadacham preobrazovanii͡a obshchestva. Priuchai͡asʹ k sovremennym ėkonomicheskim praktikam, ri͡adovye chleny kooperativov vkladyvali v nikh sovsem inoĭ smysl, chem gosudarstvennye agenty modernizat͡sii, poėtomu razocharovanie i obshchestva, i gosudarstva v kooperat͡sii kak instrumente reformirovanii͡a kharakterizovalo i dorevoli͡ut͡sionnyĭ, i sovetskiĭ periody istorii Rossii.Anna Safronova - istorik, PhD, zashchitila dissertat͡sii͡u po istorii v Universitete Sorbonna Parizh 1 v 2022 godu. Chitatʹ dalʹshe…

How did agricultural credit partnerships, consumer societies, and commercial artels differ from each other as forms of the same economic phenomenon, the cooperative, which arose in Russia in the wake of Great Reforms? Why did governments in both pre-revolutionary and Soviet Russia support such a variety of cooperative enterprises? How did cooperatives attract representatives of diametrically opposed political movements? For the first time, Anna Safronova traces the history of Russian cooperation and the cooperative movement in its entirety, from their origins to the era of Stalin's "Great Turning Point", and shows how various forms of cooperation adapted to sometimes incompatible economic conditions and models. According to A. Safronova, cooperative discourse was multifunctional and, on the whole, successfully followed the political objectives of the transformation of society. Accustomed to modern economic practices, ordinary members of cooperatives put a completely different meaning into them than state agents of modernization, therefore, the disappointment of both society and the state in cooperation as an instrument of reform characterized both the pre-revolutionary and Soviet periods of Russian history.Anna Safronova is a historian, PhD, defended her thesis on history at the Sorbonne University Paris 1 in 2022. Read more…