Чистилище святого Патрика — и другие легенды средневековой Ирландии

V Srednie veka verili, chto imenno na ozere Lokh Derg, raspolozhennom na severe Irlandii, v grafstve Donegol, nakhoditsi͡a vkhod v chistilishche - mesto, gde prebyvai͡ut dushi, slishkom greshnye dli͡a rai͡a, no slishkom pravednye dli͡a ada. Po predanii͡u, prokhod tuda otkryl pervyĭ i velikiĭ svi͡atoĭ Irlandii Patrik, spet͡sialʹno dli͡a ubezhdenii͡a malovernykh, chtoby oni mogli zaĭti v chistilishche i zhivymi vyĭti ottuda. Seĭchas vkhoda bolʹshe net, odnako kazhdyĭ god Lokh Derg poseshchaet ot 8 do 10 tysi͡ach palomnikov - i ėto pri tom, chto prebyvanie na nem vkli͡uchaet v sebi͡a obi͡azatelʹnyĭ trekhdnevnyĭ post i 24-chasovoe bodrstvovanie. Kto i zachem sovershal dolgie i opasnye palomnichestva i otvazhivalsi͡a spustitʹsi͡a v zagrobnyĭ mir? Chego ishchut na ostrove piligrimy segodni͡a? Kak srednevekovye evropeĭt͡sy predstavli͡ali sebe ustroĭstvo ada, chistilishcha i rai͡a? Veri͡at li v chistilishche segodni͡a? Nakonet͡s, kak v legendakh o Chistilishche svi͡atogo Patrika pereplelisʹ irlandskie mify s khristianskoĭ veroĭ?Na ėti voprosy otvechaet Dilʹshat Kharman - kandidat iskusstvovedenii͡a, starshiĭ nauchnyĭ sotrudnik T͡Sentra vizualʹnykh issledovaniĭ Srednikh vekov i Novogo vremeni (RGGU), soavtor bestsellera 'Stradai͡ushchee Srednevekovʹe. Paradoksy khristianskoĭ ikonografii'.

In the Middle ages, it was believed that Loch Derg, located in the North of Ireland, in County Donegal, is the entrance to purgatory-a place where souls are too sinful for heaven, but too righteous for hell. According to legend, the passage there was opened by the first and great Saint of Ireland, Patrick, specifically to convince the little believers so that they could enter purgatory and come out alive. Now there is no entrance, but every year Loch Derg is visited by 8 to 10 thousand pilgrims-and this despite the fact that the stay on it includes a mandatory three-day fast and 24-hour vigil. Who and why made long and dangerous pilgrimages and dared to descend to the afterlife? What are pilgrims looking for on the island today? How did medieval Europeans imagine hell, purgatory, and Paradise? Do they believe in purgatory today? Finally, how did the legends of St. Patrick's Purgatory intertwine Irish myths with the Christian faith?These questions are answered by Dilshat Harman-PhD in art history, senior researcher At the center for visual studies of the Middle ages and Modern times (RSUH), co-author of the bestseller ' the Suffering middle Ages. Paradoxes of Christian iconography'.