Скитальцы

Pʹesy Vladimira Nabokova dolgoe vremi͡a ostavalisʹ maloizuchennym i nedoot͡senennym razdelom ego tvorchestva. Opublikovannye lishʹ odnazhdy, bolʹshe dramaticheskie proizvedenii͡a ne pereizdavalisʹ pri zhizni pisateli͡a, tak chto i kritiki, i chitateli ne imeli vozmozhnosti sostavitʹ predstavlenie ob ėtom vazhnom ėtape ego literaturnoĭ dei͡atelʹnosti, kotoryĭ vo mnogom predvoskhitil bolee pozdnie proizvedenii͡a Nabokova.V dannyĭ sbornik voshli rannie pʹesy, napisannye Nabokovym s 1918 po 1924 god v Krymu, vo vremi͡a obuchenii͡a v Anglii, a pozdnee vo Frant͡sii i Germanii. Otkryvaet nabokovskie "Malenʹkie tragedii" pʹesa "Skitalʹt͡sy" - pervai͡a literaturnai͡a mistifikat͡sii͡a pisateli͡a, kotorui͡u on vydaet za perevod iz starinnoĭ angliĭskoĭ tragedii 1768 goda nekoego Viviana Kalmbruda (na angliĭskom i͡azyke imi͡a avtora - anagramma "Vladimir Nabokov").I v "Skitalʹt͡sakh", i v sledui͡ushchikh trekh korotkikh dramakh - "Smerti", "Dedushke" i "Poli͡use" - Nabokov namerenno obrashchaetsi͡a k pushkinskim "Malenʹkim tragedii͡am". Vsled za Pushkinym on ispolʹzuet nerifmovannyĭ pi͡atistopnyĭ i͡amb, otnosit deĭstvie kazhdoĭ iz pʹes k sobytii͡am proshlogo i za predely Rossii i vybiraet v kachestve geroev realʹnykh istoricheskikh personazheĭ - poli͡arnogo issledovateli͡a Skotta v "Poli͡use", Baĭrona v "Smerti".Takzhe v sbornike vpervye publikui͡utsi͡a pʹesa "Vesnoĭ" i polnyĭ tekst "Rechi Pozdnysheva", kotorai͡a byla napisana v Berline dli͡a inst͡senirovannogo suda nad geroem povesti L. N. Tolstogo "Kreĭt͡serova sonata".

For a long time, Vladimir Nabokov's plays remained a little-studied and underestimated section of his work. Published only once, no more dramatic works were republished during the writer's lifetime, so that both critics and readers had no opportunity to form an idea about this important stage of his literary activity, which in many ways anticipated Nabokov's later works.This collection includes early plays written by Nabokov from 1918 to 1924 in the Crimea, while studying in England, and later in France and Germany. Nabokov's "Little Tragedies" are opened by the play "Wanderers" — the first literary hoax of the writer, which he passes off as a translation from an old English tragedy of 1768 by a certain Vivian Kalmbrud (in English, the author's name is an anagram "Vladimir Nabokov").Both in "Wanderers" and in the next three short dramas — "Death", "Grandfather" and "Pole" — Nabokov deliberately refers to Pushkin's "Little Tragedies". Following Pushkin, he uses the non—rhymed iambic pentameter, relates the action of each of the plays to events of the past and beyond Russia and chooses real historical characters as heroes - the polar explorer Scott in "The Pole", Byron in "Death".The collection also publishes for the first time the play "In Spring" and the full text of Pozdnyshev's Speech, which was written in Berlin for the staged trial of the hero of L. N. Tolstoy's novel "Kreutzer Sonata".